What is the role of antioxidants in tanning products?

Antioxidants play a crucial role in tanning products primarily by protecting the skin from free radical damage caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays. When the skin is exposed to UV radiation, it produces free radicals—unstable molecules that can lead to oxidative stress. This oxidative stress contributes to skin damage, premature aging, and an increased risk of skin cancer.

The inclusion of antioxidants in tanning products helps neutralize these free radicals, thereby protecting the skin from their harmful effects. Common antioxidants found in these products include vitamins C and E, green tea extract, and coenzyme Q10, all of which can contribute to maintaining skin health and integrity during the tanning process.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the role of antioxidants. For example, antioxidants do not increase skin pigmentation or enhance the tanning effect of UV rays; rather, they focus on protecting and maintaining skin health during UV exposure. Additionally, antioxidants do not serve the purpose of lightening skin tone, as their primary function is defense against oxidative damage rather than altering pigmentation.